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based on traditional Chinese medicine patterns on patients with pneumoconiosis: a pilot double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 736-744 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0870-5

摘要： Effective therapy options for pneumoconiosis are lacking. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) presents a favorable prospect in the treatment of pneumoconiosis. A pilot study on TCM syndrome differentiation can evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of TCM and lay a foundation for further clinical research. A double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial was conducted for 24 weeks, in which 96 patients with pneumoconiosis were randomly divided into the control and treatment groups. Symptomatic treatment was conducted for the two groups. The treatment group was treated with TCM syndrome differentiation, and the control group was treated with placebo. The primary outcomes were the six-minute walking distance (6MWD) and the St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score. The secondary outcomes were the modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Assessment Test (CAT), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and pulmonary function. Only 83 patients from the 96 patients with pneumoconiosis finished the study. For the primary outcome, compared with the control groups, the treatment group showed a significantly increased 6MWD (407.90 m vs. 499.51 m; 95% confidence interval (CI) 47.25 to 135.97; P <0.001) and improved SGRQ total score (44.48 vs. 25.67; 95% CI −27.87 to −9.74; P <0.001). The treatment group also significantly improved compared with the control group on mMRC score (1.4 vs. 0.74; 95% CI −1.08 to −0.23; P =0.003), CAT score (18.40 vs. 14.65; 95% CI −7.07 to −0.43; P =0.027), and the total symptom score (7.90 vs. 5.14; 95% CI −4.40 to −1.12; P <0.001). No serious adverse events occurred. This study showed that TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment had a favorable impact on the exercise endurance and quality of life of patients with pneumoconiosis.

关键词： pneumoconiosis     randomized controlled trials     traditional Chinese medicine    

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A meta-analysis of randomized trials of maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation efficacy against

PAN Jiangang, ZHOU Xing, CHEN Zhiguang, HAN Ruifa

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 259-263 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0049-3

摘要： Meta-analysis was used to determine whether maintenance intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) could reduce recurrence after transurethral resection of tumor 1 grade 3 (T1G3) superficial bladder cancer. All available published data of randomized clinical trials comparing transurethral resection plus intravesical BCG to either resection alone or resection plus another treatment on the treatment results in patients with superficial bladder cancer of T1G3 were selected for analysis. Both the fixed effects model and random effects model were applied, and the odds ratio () with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as the effect size estimate. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias determination were performed by funnel plots and comparing s of different models. Within the follow-up period, 375 of 915 (41.0%) BCG-treated patients and 332 of 733 (45.3%) non-BCG-treated patients developed tumor recurrence. In the combined results, a statistically significant difference in the s for tumor recurrence between the two treatment groups was found (randomized model combined effect 0.58, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.83, = 0.003). The stratified meta-analysis did not show any statistically significant confounding effects on the results when stratified by BCG strains. The randomized model combined effect of Pasteur F and other strains were 0.50 (95% CI 0.26 to 0.95, = 0.04) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.99, = 0.04), respectively. Therefore, we came to the conclusion that adjuvant maintenance instillation BCG combined with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) is an effective conservative treatment for preventing recurrence of T1G3 bladder cancer.
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Efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with eosinophilic asthma: a meta-analysis of randomizedplacebo-controlled trials

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 340-349 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0565-0

摘要：

Benralizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets interleukin-5 receptor α to deplete blood eosinophils and improve the clinical outcomes of allergic asthma. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of different doses of benralizumab in patients with eosinophilic asthma. All randomized controlled trials involving benralizumab treatment for patients with eosinophilic asthma, which were searched in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library published until January 2017, as well as the rate of asthmatic exacerbation, pulmonary functionality, asthma control, quality of life scores, and adverse events were included. Randomized-effect models were used in the meta-analysis to calculate the pooled mean difference, relative risks, and 95% confidence intervals. Five studies involving 1951 patients were identified. Compared with the placebo, benralizumab treatment demonstrated significant improvements in the forced expiratory volume in 1?s (FEV1), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire scores, decreased asthmatic exacerbation and Asthma Control Questionnaire-6 (ACQ-6) scores. Benralizumab treatment was also not associated with increased adverse events. These findings indicated that benralizumab can be safely used to improve FEV1, enhance patient symptom control and quality of life, and reduce the risk of exacerbations and ACQ-6 scores in patients with eosinophilic asthma. Furthermore, our meta-analysis showed that benralizumab with 30 mg (every eight weeks) dosage can improve the health-related quality of life and appear to be more effective than 30 mg (every four weeks) dosage. Overall, data indicated that the optimal dosing regimen for benralizumab was possibly 30 mg (every eight weeks).

关键词： benralizumab     anti-interleukin-5     monoclonal antibody     eosinophilic asthma     meta-analysis    

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A randomized, controlled, open label non-inferiority trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1001-2

摘要： Iron deficiency (ID) and ID anemia (IDA) pose significant public health concerns in China. Although iron sucrose (IS) treatment is well-established in the country, ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) offers the advantage of higher doses and fewer infusions. This open label, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial was conducted at multiple sites in China to compare the outcomes of FCM (maximum of 2 doses, 500 or 1000 mg iron) and IS (up to 11 infusions, 200 mg iron) treatments in subjects with IDA. The primary endpoint was the achievement of hemoglobin (Hb) response (an increase of ≥2 g/dL from baseline) within 8 weeks, whereas secondary endpoints included changes in Hb, transferrin saturation, and serum ferritin levels. Among the 371 randomized subjects, a similar percentage of subjects treated with FCM and IS achieved Hb-response (FCM 99.4%, IS 98.3%), thereby confirming the non-inferiority of FCM compared with IS (difference 1.12 (−2.15, 4.71; 95% confidence interval (CI))). Furthermore, a significantly higher proportion of FCM-treated subjects achieved early Hb-response at Week 2 (FCM 85.2%, IS 73.2%; difference 12.1 (3.31, 20.65; 95% CI)). Additionally, the increase in TSAT and serum ferritin levels from baseline was significantly greater at all time points for FCM-treated subjects. The safety profiles of FCM and IS were comparable, with the exception of transient hypophosphatemia and pyrexia, which are consistent with FCM’s known safety profile. In conclusion, FCM proves to be an efficacious treatment for IDA, providing faster Hb-response and correction of ID with fewer administrations than IS.

关键词： iron deficiency     anemia     intravenous iron     ferric carboxymaltose     iron sucrose     Hb response     early response    

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Non-closure of the peritoneum and subcutaneous tissue at radical hysterectomy: A randomized controlled

Zhou-Fang XIONG MD, Wei-Hong DONG MD, Ze-Hua WANG MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 112-116 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0016-7

摘要： We conducted a trial to assess the influence of closure or nonclosure of the peritoneum and subcutaneous tissue on the clinical outcomes of cervical cancer patients who underwent radical hysterectomy with lower abdominal cross incision. This randomized controlled trial was performed on 158 cervical cancer patients in our hospital between January 2002 and June 2004. Eighty-two patients were allocated to the “closure” group and 76 patients to the “nonclosure” group. Results showed that non-closure of the peritoneum and subcutaneous tissue could shorten operation time and febrile duration, reduce antibiotics requirement, increase the volume of drainage and decrease the incidence of liquefaction of subcutaneous fat (<0.05). There was no difference in blood loss, postoperative complications, bowel function restoration and post-operative stay between the two groups (>0.05). Our study revealed that closure of the peritoneum and subcutaneous tissue provides no immediate postoperative benefits while unnecessarily lengthening surgical time and anesthesia exposure. The practice of closure of the peritoneum and subcutaneous tissue at radical hysterectomy should be questioned.

关键词： cervical cancer     radical surgery     peritoneum     subcutaneous tissue    

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older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a subgroup analysis from a four-center, randomized, controlled study

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 368-375 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0360-0

摘要：

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of comprehensive therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patterns on older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through a four-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Patients were divided into the trial group treated using conventional western medicine and Bu-Fei Jian-Pi granules, Bu-Fei Yi-Shen granules, and Yi-Qi Zi-Shen granules based on TCM patterns respectively; and the control group treated using conventional western medicine. A total of 136 patients≥65 years completed the study, with 63 patients comprising the trial group and 73 comprising the control group. After the six-month treatment and the 12-month follow-up period, significant differences were observed between the trial and control groups in the following aspects: frequency of acute exacerbation (P≤0.040), duration of acute exacerbation (P = 0.034), symptoms (P≤0.034), 6-min walking distance (6MWD) (P≤0.039), dyspnea scale (P≤0.036); physical domain (P≤0.019), psychological domain (P≤0.033), social domain (P≤0.020), and environmental domain (P≤0.044) of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire; and daily living ability domain (P≤0.007), social activity domain (P≤0.018), depression symptoms domain (P≤0.025), and anxiety symptoms domain (P≤0.037) of the COPD-QOL. No differences were observed between the trial and control groups with regard to FVC, FEV1, and FEV1%.

关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease     older adult     clinical trial     Bu-Fei Jian-Pi granules     Bu-Fei Yi-Shen granules     Yi-Qi Zi-Shen granules    

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Overcoming resistance to endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR

Wenjie Zhu, Binghe Xu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 208-220 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0795-4

摘要： New targeted therapies have been developed to overcome resistance to endocrine therapy (ET) and improve the outcome of HR /HER2 advanced breast cancer (ABC). We conducted a meta-analysis and systemic review on randomized controlled trials evaluating various targeted therapies in combination with ET in HR /HER2 ABC. PUBMED and EMBASE databases were searched for eligible trials. Hazard ratios (HRs) for progression-free survival (PFS), odds ratios (ORs) for objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and toxicity were meta-analyzed. Twenty-six studies with data on 10 347 patients were included and pooled. The addition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors to ET significantly improved median PFS (pooled HR= 0.547, <0.001), overall survival (pooled HR= 0.755, <0.001), and tumor response rates (ORR, pooled OR= 1.478, <0.001; CBR, pooled OR= 1.201, <0.001) with manageable toxicities (pooled OR= 3.280, <0.001). The mammalian targets of rapamycin inhibitors and exemestane were not clinically beneficial for this pooled population including ET-naïve and ET-resistant patients. Moderate improvement in PFS (pooled HR= 0.686, <0.001) yet pronounced toxicities (pooled OR= 2.154, <0.001) were noted in the combination of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase inhibitors with fulvestrant. Future studies are warranted to optimize the population and the dosing sequence of these available options.

关键词： endocrine-resistant     HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer     randomized clinical trials     meta-analysis     targeted therapy    

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Tocilizumab in patients with moderate or severe COVID-19: a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter

Dongsheng Wang, Binqing Fu, Zhen Peng, Dongliang Yang, Mingfeng Han, Min Li, Yun Yang, Tianjun Yang, Liangye Sun, Wei Li, Wei Shi, Xin Yao, Yan Ma, Fei Xu, Xiaojing Wang, Jun Chen, Daqing Xia, Yubei Sun, Lin Dong, Jumei Wang, Xiaoyu Zhu, Min Zhang, Yonggang Zhou, Aijun Pan, Xiaowen Hu, Xiaodong Mei, Haiming Wei, Xiaoling Xu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 486-494 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0824-3

摘要： Tocilizumab has been reported to attenuate the “cytokine storm” in COVID-19 patients. We attempted to verify the effectiveness and safety of tocilizumab therapy in COVID-19 and identify patients most likely to benefit from this treatment. We conducted a randomized, controlled, open-label multicenter trial among COVID-19 patients. The patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either tocilizumab in addition to standard care or standard care alone. The cure rate, changes of oxygen saturation and interference, and inflammation biomarkers were observed. Thirty-three patients were randomized to the tocilizumab group, and 32 patients to the control group. The cure rate in the tocilizumab group was higher than that in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (94.12% vs. 87.10%, rate difference 95% CI −7.19%–21.23%, = 0.4133). The improvement in hypoxia for the tocilizumab group was higher from day 4 onward and statistically significant from day 12 ( = 0.0359). In moderate disease patients with bilateral pulmonary lesions, the hypoxia ameliorated earlier after tocilizumab treatment, and less patients (1/12, 8.33%) needed an increase of inhaled oxygen concentration compared with the controls (4/6, 66.67%; rate difference 95% CI −99.17% to −17.50%, = 0.0217). No severe adverse events occurred. More mild temporary adverse events were recorded in tocilizumab recipients (20/34, 58.82%) than the controls (4/31, 12.90%). Tocilizumab can improve hypoxia without unacceptable side effect profile and significant influences on the time virus load becomes negative. For patients with bilateral pulmonary lesions and elevated IL-6 levels, tocilizumab could be recommended to improve outcome.

关键词： tocilizumab     coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)     cytokine storm    

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Lingguizhugan Decoction, a Chinese herbal formula, improves insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a translational approach

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 745-759 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0880-3

摘要： Lingguizhugan Decoction (LGZG) has been investigated in basic studies, with satisfactory effects on insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This translational approach aimed to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of LGZG in clinical setting. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was performed. A total of 243 eligible participants with NAFLD were equally allocated to receive LGZG (two groups: standard dose and low dose) or placebo for 12 weeks on the basis of lifestyle modifications. The primary efficacy variable was homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Analyses were performed in two populations in accordance with body mass index (BMI; overweight/obese, BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2; lean, BMI < 24 kg/m 2). For overweight/obese participants, low-dose LGZG significantly decreased their HOMA-IR level compared with placebo (−0.19 (1.47) versus 0.08 (1.99),P = 0.038). For lean subjects, neither dose of LGZG showed a superior effect compared with placebo. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and real-time qPCR found that the DNA N6-methyladenine modification levels of protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A (PPP1R3A) and autophagy related 3 (ATG3) significantly increased after LGZG intervention in overweight/obese population. Low-dose LGZG effectively improved insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. The underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of DNA N6-methyladenine modification of PPP1R3A and ATG3. Lean subjects may not be a targeted population for LGZG.

关键词： insulin resistance     non-alcoholic fatty liver disease     Chinese herbal medicine     randomized controlled trial     DNA N6-methyladenine modification    

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Effects of Shuanghuanglian oral liquids on patients with COVID-19: a randomized, open-label, parallel-controlled

Li Ni, Zheng Wen, Xiaowen Hu, Wei Tang, Haisheng Wang, Ling Zhou, Lujin Wu, Hong Wang, Chang Xu, Xizhen Xu, Zhichao Xiao, Zongzhe Li, Chenze Li, Yujian Liu, Jialin Duan, Chen Chen, Dan Li, Runhua Zhang, Jinliang Li, Yongxiang Yi, Wei Huang, Yanyan Chen, Jianping Zhao, Jianping Zuo, Jianping Weng, Hualiang Jiang, Dao Wen Wang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 704-717 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0853-6

摘要： We conducted a randomized, open-label, parallel-controlled, multicenter trial on the use of Shuanghuanglian (SHL), a traditional Chinese patent medicine, in treating cases of COVID-19. A total of 176 patients received SHL by three doses (56 in low dose, 61 in middle dose, and 59 in high dose) in addition to standard care. The control group was composed of 59 patients who received standard therapy alone. Treatment with SHL was not associated with a difference from standard care in the time to disease recovery. Patients with 14-day SHL treatment had significantly higher rate in negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2 in nucleic acid swab tests than the patients from the control group (93.4% vs. 73.9%, =0.006). Analysis of chest computed tomography images showed that treatment with high-dose SHL significantly promoted absorption of inflammatory focus of pneumonia, which was evaluated by density reduction of inflammatory focus from baseline, at day 7 (mean difference (95% CI), −46.39 (−86.83 to −5.94) HU; =0.025) and day 14 (mean difference (95% CI), −74.21 (−133.35 to −15.08) HU; =0.014). No serious adverse events occurred in the SHL groups. This study illustrated that SHL in combination with standard care was safe and partially effective for the treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19     SARS-CoV-2     Shuanghuanglian oral liquid     clinical trial    

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Consolidated standards of reporting trials (CONSORT) for traditional Chinese medicine: current situation

Zhaoxiang Bian, Baoyan Liu, David Moher, Taixiang Wu, Youping Li, Hongcai Shang, Chungwah Cheng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 171-177 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0132-z

摘要： The reporting standards for randomized controlled trials were first published in 1996 by a group of scientists under the name “CONSORT,” which means consolidated standards of reporting trials. Revisions followed in 2001 and 2010. A draft of the CONSORT for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was published in both Chinese and English in 2007. After publication of the draft, comments were solicited from the medical community. Some papers did raise concerns about which items should be included in the CONSORT for TCM such as the rationale of the trial design, intervention, outcome assessment, and adverse events. We have now reached the next step which is the finalization of the CONSORT for TCM. Three tasks remain. First, the major changes in CONSORT statement 2010 should be integrated into the CONSORT for TCM. Second, Chinese drugs from minerals and animals should be included in the guidelines. Finally, agreement must be reached among the working groups. Once the draft is finalized, wide dissemination and co-publication will be considered.

关键词： CONSORT for TCM     reporting standards     future development    

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Low-carbohydrate diets lead to greater weight loss and better glucose homeostasis than exercise: a randomized

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 460-471 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0861-6

摘要： Lifestyle interventions, including dietary adjustments and exercise, are important for obesity management. This study enrolled adults with overweight or obesity to explore whether either low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) or exercise is more effective in metabolism improvement. Forty-five eligible subjects were randomly divided into an LCD group (n=22) and an exercise group (EX, n=23). The subjects either adopted LCD (carbohydrate intake<50 g/day) or performed moderate-to-vigorous exercise (≥30 min/day) for 3 weeks. After the interventions, LCD led to a larger weight loss than EX (−3.56±0.37 kg vs. −1.24±0.39 kg, P<0.001), as well as a larger reduction in fat mass (−2.10±0.18 kg vs. −1.25±0.24 kg, P=0.007) and waist circumference (−5.25±0.52 cm vs. −3.45±0.38 cm, P=0.008). Both interventions reduced visceral and subcutaneous fat and improved liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Triglycerides decreased in both two groups, whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in the LCD group but decreased in the EX group. Various glycemic parameters, including serum glycated albumin, mean sensor glucose, coefficient of variability (CV), and largest amplitude of glycemic excursions, substantially declined in the LCD group. Only CV slightly decreased after exercise. This pilot study suggested that the effects of LCD and exercise are similar in alleviating liver steatosis and insulin resistance. Compared with exercise, LCD might be more efficient for weight loss and glucose homeostasis in people with obesity.

关键词： low-carbohydrate diet     obesity     nonalcoholic fatty liver disease     continuous glucose monitoring     mean sensor glucose    

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Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible polyurethanes for controlled release of hydrophobic and

Juichen YANG,Hong CHEN,Yuan YUAN,Debanjan SARKAR,Jie ZHENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 498-510 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1451-9

摘要： Design of biocompatible and biodegradable polymer systems for sustained and controlled release of bioactive agents is critical for numerous biomedical applications. Here, we designed, synthesized, and characterized four polyurethane carrier systems for controlled release of model drugs. These polyurethanes are biocompatible and biodegradable because they consist of biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) or poly(caprolactone diol) as soft segment, linear aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate or symmetrical aliphatic cyclic dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate as hard segment, and biodegradable urethane linkage. They were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscope, and differential scanning calorimetry, whereas their degradation behaviors were investigated in both phosphate buffered saline and enzymatic solutions. By tuning polyurethane segments, different release profiles of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs were obtained in the absence and presence of enzymes. Such difference in release profiles was attributed to a complex interplay among structure, hydrophobicity, and degradability of polyurethanes, the size and hydrophobicity of drugs, and drug-polymer interactions. Different drug-polyurethane combinations modulated the distribution and location of the drugs in polymer matrix, thus inducing different drug release mechanisms. Our results highlight an important role of segmental structure of the polyurethane as an engineering tool to control drug release.

关键词： phase structure     degradation     polyurethanes     controlled release     drug delivery    

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新型立体式网状宫内节育器初步临床观察

邱毅,王磊光,于玲

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第5期   页码 39-46

摘要：

为了观察新型立体式网状宫内节育器（3-DR-IUD）的避孕效果及副反应，将152 例志愿受试者随机分为两组，即接受3-DR-IUD组和放置元宫药铜宫内节育器(2-D-IUD)组，每组各76 例，常规放置3-DR-IUD和2-D-IUD。分别于术后1 个月、3 个月、6 个月和12 个月进行随访，了解放置宫内节育器（IUD）后副反应（如腹痛、腰痛、阴道出血持续时间及出血量、白带等）的发生率、带器妊娠率、IUD脱落率、因症取出率、续用率及避孕效果，并利用B超、X光腹部平片检查3-DR-IUD位置等。两组各76 例均成功放置了IUD，术中均无明显疼痛。3-DR-IUD组术后出现白带增多、月经期延长、不规则出血、月经量增多及腰腹部疼痛等副反应6例(7.9%)，而2-D-IUD组出现31例（40.8%），两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.000 1)。3-DR-IUD 组无脱落，无带器妊娠者，3 个月时因对硅橡胶过敏取出1 例，12 个月时终止率为1.3 %，续用率为98.7 %（75/76）；2-DIUD组终止率为13.2 %，续用率为86.8 %（66/76），两组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.009)。实验结果表明，3-DR-IUD具有很好的避孕效果，术后副反应轻微，可为育龄妇女提供新的、安全、高效的IUD。

关键词： 3-DR-IUD     临床实验     副反应     避孕效果    

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Rare tumors: a blue ocean of investigation

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 220-230 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0984-z

摘要： Advances in novel drugs, therapies, and genetic techniques have revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of cancers, substantially improving cancer patients’ prognosis. Although rare tumors account for a non-negligible number, the practice of precision medicine and development of novel therapies are largely hampered by many obstacles. Their low incidence and drastic regional disparities result in the difficulty of informative evidence-based diagnosis and subtyping. Sample exhaustion due to difficulty in diagnosis also leads to a lack of recommended therapeutic strategies in clinical guidelines, insufficient biomarkers for prognosis/efficacy, and inability to identify potential novel therapies in clinical trials. Herein, by reviewing the epidemiological data of Chinese solid tumors and publications defining rare tumors in other areas, we proposed a definition of rare tumor in China, including 515 tumor types with incidences of less than 2.5/100 000 per year. We also summarized the current diagnosis process, treatment recommendations, and global developmental progress of targeted drugs and immunotherapy agents on the status quo. Lastly, we pinpointed the current recommendation chance for patients with rare tumors to be involved in a clinical trial by NCCN. With this informative report, we aimed to raise awareness on the importance of rare tumor investigations and guarantee a bright future for rare tumor patients.

关键词： rare tumors     diagnosis flowchart     treatment strategy     clinical trials recommendation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

based on traditional Chinese medicine patterns on patients with pneumoconiosis: a pilot double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled study

期刊论文

A meta-analysis of randomized trials of maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation efficacy against

PAN Jiangang, ZHOU Xing, CHEN Zhiguang, HAN Ruifa

期刊论文

Efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with eosinophilic asthma: a meta-analysis of randomizedplacebo-controlled trials

null

期刊论文

A randomized, controlled, open label non-inferiority trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus

期刊论文

Non-closure of the peritoneum and subcutaneous tissue at radical hysterectomy: A randomized controlled

Zhou-Fang XIONG MD, Wei-Hong DONG MD, Ze-Hua WANG MD,

期刊论文

older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a subgroup analysis from a four-center, randomized, controlled study

null

期刊论文

Overcoming resistance to endocrine therapy in hormone receptor-positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR

Wenjie Zhu, Binghe Xu

期刊论文

Tocilizumab in patients with moderate or severe COVID-19: a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter

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